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- <text id=93TT1036>
- <title>
- Mar. 01, 1993: Dr. Jacobs' Alternative Mission
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1993
- Mar. 01, 1993 You Say You Want a Revolution...
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- HEALTH, Page 43
- Dr. Jacobs' Alternative Mission
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>A new NIH office will put unconventional medicine to the test
- </p>
- <p>By ANASTASIA TOUFEXIS
- </p>
- <p> "A teenage Navajo mother in blue jeans would come in with a
- baby who was suffering from a cold and ask for some medication,"
- recalls Dr. Joe Jacobs, summoning up a scene from his days at
- the Indian Medical Center in Gallup, New Mexico. "She'd be accompanied
- by the grandmother in traditional hoop skirt, who kept silent."
- After examining the child, Jacobs would offer his prescription
- for soothing inflamed nasal passages: boil some sage leaves
- in water and have the youngster inhale the aromatic fumes. "When
- she'd hear that, the young mother invariably would give the
- grandmother a sheepish smile. It was just what the older woman
- had been urging her to do, and they'd been arguing about it."
- </p>
- <p> Jacobs has a healthy respect for grandmothers' folk remedies
- and for unconventional therapies in general. He comes by it
- naturally. For though he is a conventionally trained pediatrician,
- he is also the son of a part-Cherokee father and full-blooded
- Mohawk mother, who used to break out the herbs and tonics whenever
- he and his two brothers and sister had a fever or bellyache.
- "There would always be long-necked bottles filled with liquids
- sitting on a shelf in the closet, and a few bags of dried leaves--turtle socks and other things--that could be brewed into
- foul-tasting teas." At the same time, Jacobs continues, "my
- mother recognized that more serious illnesses needed a regular
- physician."
- </p>
- <p> That unusually broad experience led officials at the National
- Institutes of Health to pick Jacobs to head their new Office
- of Alternative Medicine. The office was created last year under
- pressure from a Congress alarmed by the soaring costs of high-tech
- healing and the frustrating fact that so many ailments--AIDS,
- cancer, arthritis, back pain--have yet to yield to standard
- medicine. In the breach, Americans have turned with growing
- enthusiasm to an array of unorthodox remedies, including hypnosis,
- biofeedback, homeopathy, acupuncture and herbs. According to
- the New England Journal of Medicine, a third of the population
- today consults alternative healers, shelling out nearly $14
- billion a year for their services. Most is paid out of pocket,
- since such treatments are rarely covered by insurance. "They
- could be just as good, cheaper and safer than many of the drugs
- and treatments we now use," asserts Jacobs, 46, "but they're
- still unproven."
- </p>
- <p> To alternative healers, the effort is welcome news. "While a
- few worry that it's a plan to trap and discredit them, most
- look at this as a chance to be vindicated after years of being
- called lunatics," says Jacobs. The medical community has been
- cooler. Though the office's $2 million appropriation is a pittance
- in NIH's overall annual budget of more than $10 billion, critics
- resent that any sum is being diverted from traditional research.
- Some carp that the office will be a refuge for quacks--a charge
- Jacobs flatly denies. "We're not created to rubber-stamp questionable
- practices."
- </p>
- <p> With an M.D. from Yale and an M.B.A. from Wharton, Jacobs is
- a bona fide member of the Establishment. At the same time, his
- heritage has given him an outsider's perspective. Born in Brooklyn,
- New York, Jacobs spent part of his youth on Mohawk reservations
- upstate and in Canada, where "I was criticized by relatives
- and friends for being too educated." But he also lived in Anglo
- communities in New York and New Jersey, where "I was often the
- darkest-skinned child in my class."
- </p>
- <p> Among his most piercing memories is watching his fellow Boy
- Scouts being inducted into the Order of the Arrow. "There I
- was, the only real Indian, and they were dancing around the
- campfire in loincloths," he recalls. "It was both ironic and
- offensive." To fit in, Jacobs largely rejected his Indian background
- during his adolescent years. Today, however, the Connecticut
- home he shares with two children and his art historian wife
- Mary Jane Clark ("a full-blooded Wasp," he notes) boasts a room
- filled with Indian keepsakes. The family will soon be relocating
- to the Washington area, where Clark will find an old schoolmate:
- her dorm counselor at Wellesley, Hillary Rodham Clinton.
- </p>
- <p> Jacobs is already spending his weeks at the NIH campus. With
- a staff that includes a pharmacist, an immunologist and a psychologist,
- he is crafting standards for the 10 two-year research projects
- the office plans to fund at $100,000 each. Jacobs expects to
- steer clear of alternative therapies already being studied by
- other NIH departments, including the use of transcendental meditation
- for cardiovascular disease and acupuncture for substance abuse.
- "We may look at touch therapy, which is said to make patients
- better quicker," he says. "Or homeopathy, to relieve allergies,
- bronchitis or insomnia." He is also intrigued by wood ear, a
- tree fungus used in making moo shu pork, which is supposed to
- be a great blood thinner.
- </p>
- <p> Treatments for cancer and AIDS are also high on his list. One
- healer, for example, claims to have isolated a substance in
- urine that turns tumor cells back to normal. The new office
- might also look into a faddish AIDS therapy that has patients
- paying up to $20,000 to be hooked up to dialysis-like machines
- that pump ozone into the bloodstream.
- </p>
- <p> To evaluate such remedies, Jacobs will rely on both standard
- trials and an increasingly popular research technique: analyzing
- the outcome of differing therapies in matched groups of patients.
- Such a study, he explains, might compare the effects of bee
- pollen with conventional antihistamines in treating allergies.
- Since alternative healers are new to scientific studies, the
- office will take steps to monitor the validity of records and
- results. At a minimum, Jacobs hopes to provide a service to
- consumers. At best, he says, "we may help promote a revolution
- in thinking among practitioners and researchers. It's a bold
- new venture, sort of like being on the starship Enterprise.
- We're going where no one has gone before."
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
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